QLM Users

Preventive Action

Definition of an action with the purpose of avoiding certain incidents

PreventiveAction properties

The PreventiveAction tab

Property  Metamodel name Description
Short description ShortDescription Short verbal description of the PreventiveAction
Related Non-Conformance RelatedNonConformance Links to NonConformance related to this action
Links to: NonConformance.
Responsible HasResponsible Link to responsible for this PreventiveAction
Links to: InterestGroup, OrganizationUnit, Person, Position, Resource, Role.
Goals HasGoal Links to: Goal.
Plan of action PlanOfAction Link to ProjectActivity or WorkModelshowing dates and resources for plans to execute this PreventiveAction
Links to: ProjectActivity, WorkModel.
Due date DueDate
Estimated Cost EstimatedCost Estimated cost of carrying out this action

The Action taken tab

Property  Metamodel name Description
Start Date StartDate Starting date.
End Date EndDate Ending date.
Action taken by ActionTakenBy Relation to person/group who executed the action.
Links to: InterestGroup, OrganizationUnit, Person, Position, Role.
Cost of Non Conformance CostOfNonConformance Cost caused by the non conformance
Resources Spent ResourcesSpent Actual cost of corrective action
Corrective Action Taken CorrectiveActionTaken A description of the corrective action taken.
Closing date ClosingDate The closing date for this NonConformance

Principle : ArchiMate

Principles are strongly related to goals and requirements. Similar to requirements, principles define intended properties of systems. However, in contrast to requirements, principles are broader in scope and more abstract than requirements. A principle defines a general property that applies to any system in a certain context. A requirement defines a property that applies to a specific system as described by an architecture.
A principle needs to be made specific for a given system by means of one or more requirements, in order to enforce that the system conforms to the principle. For example, the principle “Information management processes comply with all relevant laws, policies, and regulations” is realized by the requirements that are imposed by the actual laws, policies, and regulations that apply to the specific system under design.
A principle is motivated by some goal or driver. For example, the aforementioned principle may be motivated by the goal to maintain a good reputation and/or the goal to avoid penalties. The principle provides a means to realize its motivating goal, which is generally formulated as a guideline. This guideline constrains the design of all systems in a given context by stating the general properties that are required from any system in this context to realize the goal. Principles are intended to be more stable than requirements in the sense that they do not change as quickly as requirements may do. Organizational values, best practices, and design knowledge may be reflected and made applicable in terms of principles.

Principle properties

The Principle tab

Property  Metamodel name Description
Short description ShortDescription
Implements Implements Links to: All templates.
BreaksDownTo BreaksDownTo Links to: All templates.

Printer

Use the printer symbol to specify a printer. For all other types of devices use the Peripheral template.

Printer properties

The Printer tab

Property  Metamodel name Description
Short Description ShortDescription A short description of the item
Type PrinterType The type of the printer.
Show ShowType Display the type next to the symbol on diagrams.
Initial value is off.
Hardware HardwareComponent Use this field to point to a HardwareComponent, if it is necessary to describe the hardware device that is the printer.
Links to: HardwareComponent.
Serial number SerialNumber The serial number of the item. This field can be used if you have an internal serial number for all printers, while the manufacturers serial number is specifed in the HardwareComponent in the Hardware field.
IP Address IPAddress The IP address of the device if the address is fixed
Logical name/address LogicalAddress The logical name or address of the item.
Show ShowNetworkName Display the network name next to the symbol on diagrams.
Initial value is off.
Shared isShared Check this box if the printer is connected to a computer but has been made available for other users in the network.
Initial value is on.
Vendor Vendor The vendor of the item. The vendor might for instance be an internal organisation unit or an external supplier.
Links to: BusinessConnection, ExternalEntity, OrganizationUnit.
Support Support The support provider.
Links to: BusinessConnection, Person, ExternalEntity, OrganizationUnit.

The Economy tab

Property  Metamodel name Description
Date of purchase DateOfPurchase When the item was purchased
Warranty expires WarrantyExpires When the warranty of the item expires
Contracts HasContract All the different contracts connected to the item.
Links to: Contract.

Problem

A Problem represents a requirement from an interested party for a change in the way the business is running, the project is carried out, the content of a design component in the repository etc.

It is important to note that a problem should concidered a threat to the accomplishment of the business idea, the project or quality of the final product. As opposed to aChangeRequest that represents an opportunity to act.

It should always be clear to an organisation how to handle a Problem. The process of analyzing the scope of the problem, recommending an action and carrying out and action should be controlled by the project management or dedicated people.

Problem properties

The Problem tab

Property  Metamodel name Description
Short Description ShortDescription Short verbal description.
Priority Priority The priority for this Problem.
Choices are:
Originated Date OriginatedDate CreationDate for this Problem.
Originated By OriginatedBy The person who put forward this Problem.
Links to: InterestGroup, OrganizationUnit, Person, Position, Role.
Status Status The status of this Problem.
Choices are:
Responsible HasResponsible Person responsible for the problem handling
Links to: InterestGroup, OrganizationUnit, Person, Position, Role.

The Recommend tab

Property  Metamodel name Description
Recommended Date RecommendedDate CreationDate of this recommendation.
Recommended By RecommendedBy The Person/Group responsible for this recommendation.
Links to: InterestGroup, OrganizationUnit, Person, Position, Role.
Estimated Resource Requirement EstimatedResourceRequirement Estimated cost to solve the problem.
Recommended Solution RecommendSolution Description of the recommended solution

The Actual tab

Property  Metamodel name Description
Start Date StartDate Starting date.
Executed By ExecutedBy The person/group that carries out the solution
Links to: InterestGroup, OrganizationUnit, Person, Position, Role.
End Date EndDate Ending date.
Resources Spent ResourcesSpend Resources used
Corrective Action CorrectiveAction Description of the action

The Breaks Down To tab

Property  Metamodel name Description
Breaks Down To BreaksDownTo Link to models showing a decomposed picture of this entity
Links to: RequirementModel, StrategyModel.

Product

This definition covers both intangible, services-based, or information products that are common in information-intensive organizations, and tangible, physical products. A financial or information product consists of a collection of services, and a contract that specifies the characteristics, rights, and requirements associated with the product. “Buying” a product gives the customer the right to use the associated services.
Generally, the product element is used to specify a product type. The number of product types in an organization is typically relatively stable compared to, for example, the processes that realize or support the products. “Buying” is usually one of the services associated with a product, which results in a new instance of that product (belonging to a specific customer). Similarly, there may be services to modify or destroy a product.
A product may aggregate or compose business services, application services, and technology services, business objects, data objects, and technology objects, as well as a contract. Hence a product may aggregate or compose elements from other layers than the Business Layer.
A value may be associated with a product. The name of a product is usually the name which is used in the communication with customers, or possibly a more generic noun (e.g., “travel insurance”).

Product properties

The Product tab

Property  Metamodel name Description
Short description ShortDescription
Implements Implements Links to: All templates.
BreaksDownTo BreaksDownTo Links to: All templates.

Project Activity

A ProjectActivity is used on a WorkModel to show the phases/activities planned to be carried out in a project. For each ProjectActivity the Results and the corresponding QualityControls are linked to the ProjectActivity and the documents produced and used in the project are specified in the form of DocumentStructures. Using this technique the quality plan for the project can be documented before project start, – project experiences may be related to the quality plan as the project moves along, – and the plan may be reused in future projects.
In a highlevel WorkModel the ProjectActivites may break down to a new WorkModel, but at the lowest level ProjectActivities may break down to low level ProjectActivites each producing a single deliverable (Result).

ProjectActivities are also used in CPMDiagram to describe the tasks and their mutual time constraints. This way a critical path through a given project can be discovered and a detailed plan of the relationships between dates, activities and resources can be made.
Since the nature of a ProjectActivity appearing on a work model is of a generic descriptive kind – especially on the higher levels of the work model hierarchy – it will be logical to break such an activity down to a CPMDiagram. The ProjectActivities on the CPMDiagram will then describe when and by whom the work is to be carried out in the project. The activities on a CPMDiagram satisfies precisely the requirements the project manager has while planning and monitoring the project. Whereas the activities on the work model are made with the purpose of guiding and controlling the organisation through standardized procedures and quality management strategies.

ProjectActivity properties

The ProjectActivity tab

Property  Metamodel name Description
Short Description ShortDescription Short verbal description
Purpose Purpose Short clear description of the purpose of this activity in the project
Prerequisites Prerequisites Descriptions of deliverables and conditions for this activity to start
Responsible HasResponsible Link to the responsible for this activity
Links to: InterestGroup, OrganizationUnit, Person, Position, Resource, Role.
Involved Employs The resources used by this activity
Links to: InterestGroup, OrganizationUnit, Person, Position, Resource, Role.

The Dates tab

Property  Metamodel name Description
Earliest start EarliestStart In this field the date for the earliest start of this Activity is entered. The date can be entered manually or the field can be filled with the use of the menu option Calculate earliest or Calculate both directions on a CPMDiagram.
Earliest finish EarliestFinish In this field the date for the earliest finish of this Activity is entered. The date can be entered manually or the field can be filled with the use of the menu option Calculate earliest or on Calculate both directions a CPMDiagram.
Latest start LatestStart In this field the date for the latest start of this Activity is entered. The date can be entered manually or the field can be filled with the use of the menu option Calculate latest or Calculate earliest on a CPMDiagram.
Latest finish LatestFinish In this field the date for the latest finish for this Activity is entered. The date can be entered manually or the field can be filled with the use of the menu option Calculate latest or Calculate earliest on a CPMDiagram.
Optimistic OptimisticDuration This field is used to give a very optimistic estimation of the duration of the activity. The value of the field should mark the 1 percentile of the propability distribution. This means that there should be less than 1 % propability that the duration will be shorter than the value of this field.

The shortest possible time period used to perform this activity.
Total slack TotalSlack Gives a slack value based on the assumption, that all preceeding activities are carried out as early as possible, and all succeeding activities are carried out as late as possible. The field can be filled with the use of the menu point Calculate slack on a CPMDiagram.
Group
Group
Realistic RealisticDuration The most likely time period used to perform this activity.
Free slack FreeSlack Gives a slack value based on the assumption, that all preceeding and succeeding activities are carried out as early as possible. The field can be filled with the use of the menu option Calculate slack on a CPMDiagram.
Pessimistic PessimisticDuration This field is used to give a very pessimistic estimation of the duration of this activity. The value of the field should mark the 99 percentile of the propability distribution. This means that there should be less than 1 % propability that the duration will be longer than the value of this field.
The longest possible time period used to perform this activity.
Independent slack IndependentSlack Gives a slack value based on the assumption, that all preceeding activities are carried out as late as possible, and all succeeding activities are carried out as early as possible. The field can be filled with the use of the menu option Calculate slack on a CPMDiagram.
Start Date ActualStartDate The actual starting date of the activity
End Date ActualEndDate The actual ending date of the activity
Group
Number of spent time units ActualSpentTimeUnits In this field the actual number of spent persondays for the activity is entered. If this field contains a value the value is used instead of the planned estimation parameters, when a total estimation including the activity is made. In this way an estimation process that includes allready finished activities will use the actual numbers instead of the planned numbers.
Time unit for Duration and Slack TimeUnit The unit for time measurement for this Activity.
Choices are:
Seconds
Minutes
Hours
Days
Weeks
Months
Years

The Breaks Down To tab

Property  Metamodel name Description
Breaks Down To BreaksDownTo Links to entities specifying this project activity
Links to: CPMDiagram, ProjectActivity, WorkBreakdownStructure, WorkModel.
Result Produces Link to deliverable for a low-level ProjectActivity
Links to: Result.

The Relations tab

Property  Metamodel name Description
Relevant generic processes UsesGenericProcess Links to: Activity, WorkFlowDiagram.
Relevant Documents HasRelevantDocument Links to: ConfigurationDiagram, ExternalDocument.
Belongs to Organization BelongsToOrganization Links to: OrganizationDiagram, OrganizationUnit.

The Cost tab

Property  Metamodel name Description
Group
Multiplier PlannedMultiplier Planned estimation parameters. These parameters are used to define and store the cost estimation model an organization is using in order to estimate the size and costs for a specific project. Using the three fields multiplier, exponent and projectsize the definition of an exponential function relating project size to effort can be defined. Consequently a total estimated effort for a hierarchy of workmodels and activities can be calculated. This is done from the workmodel menu.

Multiplier. In this field the planned multiplier for the activity can be entered. The multiplier will be calculated from the key figures for the organisation, based on the organizations experience with activities like the current, the skill level of the project group, the use of tools etc.
Exponent PlannedExponent In this field the exponent for the function can be entered. If the exponent has the value one, the multiplier will denote the slope of the curve of the function.
Size PlannedProjectSize In this field the project size can be entered. The project size can be measured in all kinds of units such as function points.
Group
Injections PlannedInjections In this multiline field the planned income to the project during the current activity can be entered. The purpose of doing this is to be able to calculate the cash flow of the project.
Withdrawals PlannedWithdrawels In this multiline field the planned cost for the activity can be entered
Group
Multiplier ActualMultiplier In this field the actual multiplier for the activity is entered.
Exponent ActualExponent In this field the actual value of the exponent for the activity is entered.
Size ActualProjectSize In this field the actual project size is entered.
Group
Injections ActualInjections In this multiline field the actual cost to the project during this activity is entered
Withdrawals ActualWithdrawels In this field the actual cost from the project during this activity is entered.

The Techniques tab

Property  Metamodel name Description
Use technique UseTechnique Links to technique instructions
Links to: Document, ExternalDocument, Technique.
Tool Tool Link to tool-specifications for this result
Links to: ExternalDocument, InformationSystem.
Good Practice examples GoodPractice Link to files showing good examples
Links to: All templates.

The Show tab

Property  Metamodel name Description
Show on WorkModel Show Set diagram view for this ProjectActivity
Choices are:

The Action tab

Property  Metamodel name Description
Macro Macro This field is used to create a command language program that can be executed when the user double clicks on the symbol.
Execute on Double-click ExecuteOnDoubleClick Macro is always executed when double clicking on the symbol.
Initial value is off.

Critical Success Factor

A CriticalSuccessFactor is used to describe the state that the organization must reach in order to meet its objectives.

Criterion

A subject area of the EFQM Excellence model. A Criterion aggregates the results from the relevant SubCriterions held on a lower level BusinessExcellenceDiagram

Cost Driver

An important subject directly correlated with the consumption of resources in an activity.